bad mapmatching results when oneway=false and reversed=true

[wharstr0927]

Contributing guidelines

• I understand the contributing guidelines

Documentation

• My problem is not addressed by the documentation or examples

Existing issues

• My problem does not appear in an existing issue

What operating system and Python version are you using?

linux,Python 3.8.10

What OSMnx version are you using?

2.0.6

Environment packages and versions

root@0660f4a5c0dc:/mnt/workplace/online_mapmatch# pip list
Package             Version             
------------------- --------------------
asttokens           3.0.0               
attrs               25.1.0              
backcall            0.2.0               
certifi             2019.11.28          
chardet             3.0.4               
click               8.1.8               
click-plugins       1.1.1               
cligj               0.7.2               
comm                0.2.2               
contourpy           1.1.1               
cycler              0.12.1              
cykhash             2.0.1               
Cython              3.0.12              
dbus-python         1.2.16              
debugpy             1.8.12              
decorator           5.1.1               
distro-info         0.23+ubuntu1.1      
executing           2.2.0               
fiona               1.9.6               
fonttools           4.56.0              
GDAL                3.3.2               
geopandas           0.10.2              
idna                2.8                 
importlib-metadata  8.5.0               
importlib-resources 6.4.5               
ipykernel           6.29.5              
ipython             8.12.3              
jedi                0.19.2              
jinja2              3.1.5               
joblib              1.4.2               
jupyter-client      8.6.3               
jupyter-core        5.7.2               
kiwisolver          1.4.7               
lxml                5.3.1               
MarkupSafe          2.1.5               
matplotlib          3.7.5               
matplotlib-inline   0.1.7               
nest-asyncio        1.6.0               
numpy               1.24.4              
osmium              4.0.2               
packaging           24.2                
pandas              2.0.3               
parso               0.8.4               
pexpect             4.9.0               
pickleshare         0.7.5               
pillow              10.4.0              
pip                 20.0.2              
platformdirs        4.3.6               
prompt-toolkit      3.0.50              
psutil              7.0.0               
ptyprocess          0.7.0               
pure-eval           0.2.3               
pygments            2.19.1              
PyGObject           3.36.0              
pyparsing           3.1.4               
pyproj              3.5.0               
pyrobuf             0.9.3               
pyrosm              0.6.1               
python-apt          2.0.1+ubuntu0.20.4.1
python-dateutil     2.9.0.post0         
python-rapidjson    1.20                
pytz                2025.1              
pyzmq               26.2.1              
requests            2.22.0              
requests-unixsocket 0.2.0               
scikit-learn        1.3.2               
scipy               1.10.1              
setuptools          45.2.0              
shapely             2.0.3               
six                 1.14.0              
stack-data          0.6.3               
threadpoolctl       3.5.0               
tornado             6.4.2               
tqdm                4.67.1              
traitlets           5.14.3              
typing-extensions   4.12.2              
tzdata              2025.1              
unattended-upgrades 0.1                 
unzip               1.0.0               
urllib3             1.25.8              
wcwidth             0.2.13              
wheel               0.34.2              
zipp                3.20.2

How did you install OSMnx?

OSMnx Docker image

Problem description

I keep trying many trials about the mapmatching process, and per step operation, but so far so bad, I am exhausted, so I have to ask for help, thank you so much if I can get any response.
As you see I have four <u,v> pairs, but no u in the ubodt file as source id, I am so confused.
any comments I will appreciate.

Minimal standalone reproducible example

#!/usr/bin/env python
# coding: utf-8

# encoding = "utf-8"
import os
import osmnx as ox
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from shapely.geometry import LineString
encoding = "utf-8"


city_names=['北京市']
for city in city_names:
    cmd = f"osmium cat beijing-latest.osm.pbf --overwrite -o ./{city}-latest.osm"
    print(f"执行：{cmd}")
    get_ipython().system('{cmd}')


#debug
city_name = "beijingshi"
# encoding = "utf-8"

print(f"==> 正在处理：{city_name}")
osm_path = f"./北京市-latest.osm"
output_dir = f"./{city_name}"
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)


G = ox.graph_from_xml(osm_path, bidirectional=False, simplify=False, retain_all=True)
# G = ox.graph_from_xml(osm_path, bidirectional=False, simplify=True, retain_all=True)

gdf_edges, gdf_edges = ox.graph_to_gdfs(G)
print(f"原始道路条数：{len(gdf_edges)}")


gdf_nodes = gdf_nodes.reset_index()    # 如果你也想把节点的 osmid 变成一列
gdf_edges = gdf_edges.reset_index()    # u, v, key → 普通列
# gdf_edges.head()
# ——— 3. 非数值列字符串化，避免写 Shapefile 时出错 ———
gdf_edges = ox.io._stringify_nonnumeric_cols(gdf_edges)
len(gdf_edges)
# gdf_edges

gdf_nodes[gdf_nodes['osmid'] == 1072576082]

mask_highway = gdf_edges['highway'].notnull() & (gdf_edges['highway'] != '')
gdf_edges = gdf_edges[mask_highway].copy()

# 6. 重建 fid
gdf_edges['fid'] = np.arange(len(gdf_edges), dtype=int)


gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']==201724128][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']]

gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']=='1072576086'][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']]


gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']=='1072576082'][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']]


# 7. 输出
edges_path = os.path.join(output_dir, "edges.shp")
gdf_edges.to_file(edges_path, encoding=encoding)
print(f"生成{city_name}shp文件")
print(f"→ 已保存边文件（含过滤+双向+fid），共 {len(gdf_edges)} 条：{edges_path}")

[wharstr0927]

Actually,I installed it using pip, sorry I made a mistake, real pip list as follows:Package Version

---

absl-py 2.2.1
annotated-types 0.7.0
antlr4-python3-runtime 4.9.3
anyio 4.9.0
argon2-cffi 23.1.0
argon2-cffi-bindings 21.2.0
arrow 1.3.0
asttokens 3.0.0
async-lru 2.0.5
attrs 25.3.0
babel 2.17.0
beautifulsoup4 4.13.4
bleach 6.2.0
branca 0.8.2
certifi 2024.12.14
cffi 1.17.1
charset-normalizer 3.4.1
click 8.1.8
comm 0.2.1
contourpy 1.3.2
cycler 0.12.1
datasets 2.17.1
debugpy 1.8.14
decorator 5.1.1
defusedxml 0.7.1
descartes 1.1.0
dill 0.3.8
docker-pycreds 0.4.0
einops 0.7.0
einshape 1.0
executing 2.1.0
fastjsonschema 2.21.1
filelock 3.16.1
folium 0.20.0
fonttools 4.58.1
fqdn 1.5.1
fsspec 2024.12.0
geopandas 1.1.1
gitdb 4.0.12
GitPython 3.1.44
gluonts 0.14.4
grpcio 1.71.0
h11 0.16.0
httpcore 1.0.9
httpx 0.28.1
huggingface-hub 0.29.3
hydra-core 1.3.0
idna 3.10
inquirerpy 0.3.4
ipykernel 6.29.5
ipython 8.31.0
ipython_pygments_lexers 1.1.1
isoduration 20.11.0
jax 0.5.3
jax-cuda12-pjrt 0.4.38
jax-cuda12-plugin 0.4.38
jaxlib 0.5.3
jaxtyping 0.2.38
jedi 0.19.2
Jinja2 3.1.5
joblib 1.4.2
json5 0.12.0
jsonpointer 3.0.0
jsonschema 4.24.0
jsonschema-specifications 2025.4.1
jupyter_client 8.6.3
jupyter_core 5.8.1
jupyter-events 0.12.0
jupyter-lsp 2.2.5
jupyter_server 2.16.0
jupyter_server_terminals 0.5.3
jupyterlab 4.4.3
jupyterlab_pygments 0.3.0
jupyterlab_server 2.27.3
kiwisolver 1.4.8
lightning 2.5.1
lightning-utilities 0.14.2
markdown-it-py 3.0.0
MarkupSafe 3.0.2
matplotlib 3.10.3
matplotlib-inline 0.1.6
mdurl 0.1.2
mistune 3.1.3
ml_dtypes 0.5.1
mpmath 1.3.0
multiprocess 0.70.16
nbclient 0.10.2
nbconvert 7.16.6
nbformat 5.10.4
nest-asyncio 1.6.0
networkx 3.4.2
notebook 7.4.3
notebook_shim 0.2.4
numpy 2.2.1
nvidia-cublas-cu12 12.1.3.1
nvidia-cuda-cupti-cu12 12.1.105
nvidia-cuda-nvcc-cu12 12.6.85
nvidia-cuda-nvrtc-cu12 12.1.105
nvidia-cuda-runtime-cu12 12.1.105
nvidia-cudnn-cu12 9.1.0.70
nvidia-cufft-cu12 11.0.2.54
nvidia-curand-cu12 10.3.2.106
nvidia-cusolver-cu12 11.4.5.107
nvidia-cusparse-cu12 12.1.0.106
nvidia-nccl-cu12 2.20.5
nvidia-nvjitlink-cu12 12.8.93
nvidia-nvtx-cu12 12.1.105
omegaconf 2.3.0
opt_einsum 3.4.0
orjson 3.10.16
osmnx 2.0.6
overrides 7.7.0
packaging 24.2
pandas 2.2.3
pandocfilters 1.5.1
parso 0.8.4
pexpect 4.9.0
pfzy 0.3.4
pillow 11.2.1
pip 24.2
platformdirs 4.3.6
prometheus_client 0.22.0
prompt_toolkit 3.0.48
protobuf 5.29.3
psutil 5.9.0
ptyprocess 0.7.0
pure-eval 0.2.2
pyarrow-hotfix 0.6
pycparser 2.22
pydantic 2.10.5
pydantic_core 2.27.2
Pygments 2.19.1
pyogrio 0.11.1
pyparsing 3.2.3
pyproj 3.7.2
python-dateutil 2.9.0.post0
python-dotenv 1.0.0
python-json-logger 3.3.0
pytorch-lightning 2.5.1
pytz 2024.2
PyYAML 6.0.2
pyzmq 26.2.0
referencing 0.36.2
requests 2.32.3
rfc3339-validator 0.1.4
rfc3986-validator 0.1.1
rich 13.9.4
rpds-py 0.25.1
rtree 1.4.1
safetensors 0.5.3
scikit-learn 1.6.0
scipy 1.15.0
Send2Trash 1.8.3
sentry-sdk 2.19.2
setproctitle 1.3.4
setuptools 75.1.0
shapely 2.1.2
shellingham 1.5.4
six 1.17.0
smmap 5.0.2
sniffio 1.3.1
soupsieve 2.7
stack-data 0.2.0
sympy 1.13.1
tensorboard 2.19.0
tensorboard-data-server 0.7.2
terminado 0.18.1
threadpoolctl 3.5.0
tinycss2 1.4.0
torch 2.4.1
torchmetrics 1.7.0
tornado 6.5.1
tqdm 4.67.1
traitlets 5.14.3
triton 3.0.0
typer 0.15.1
types-python-dateutil 2.9.0.20250516
typing_extensions 4.12.2
tzdata 2024.2
uri-template 1.3.0
urllib3 2.3.0
utilsforecast 0.2.10
wadler_lindig 0.1.4
wandb 0.19.2
wcwidth 0.2.13
webcolors 24.11.1
webencodings 0.5.1
websocket-client 1.8.0
wheel 0.44.0
xxhash 3.5.0
xyzservices 2025.4.0

[gboeing]

Please provide a complete and minimal reproducible example. Complete means it doesn't rely on any external files or definitions beyond what's in the code snippet. Minimal means there's nothing in the code snippet beyond the minimum necessary to demonstrate the specific problem. Then I can take a look and troubleshoot.

[wharstr0927]

Please provide a complete and minimal reproducible example. Complete means it doesn't rely on any external files or definitions beyond what's in the code snippet. Minimal means there's nothing in the code snippet beyond the minimum necessary to demonstrate the specific problem. Then I can take a look and troubleshoot.

ok, I will do it. thank you.

it failed when I upload the attachment about ubodt and shp files, maybe the files is too large to upload the github, could you generate those files by yourself, please? and the scripts as follows:
ubodt:

import os
from fmm import Network, NetworkGraph, UBODTGenAlgorithm

path='beijing_osm_no_footway/'
network = Network(os.path.join(path, "edges.shp"), "fid", "u", "v")
graph = NetworkGraph(network)
ubodt_gen = UBODTGenAlgorithm(network, graph)
delta=0.01
output_path=path
ubodt_file = os.path.join(output_path, f"ubodt_test.bin")
status = ubodt_gen.generate_ubodt(ubodt_file, delta, use_omp=True)
print("status: ", status)

the shp files:
`#!/usr/bin/env python

import os
import osmnx as ox
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from shapely.geometry import LineString

cmd = f"osmium cat beijing-latest.osm.pbf --overwrite -o ./北京市-latest.osm"
print(f"执行：{cmd}")
get_ipython().system('{cmd}')

encoding = "utf-8"
osm_path = f"./北京市-latest.osm"
output_dir = f"./beijing_osm_no_footway"
os.makedirs(output_dir, exist_ok=True)

G = ox.graph_from_xml(osm_path, simplify=True, retain_all=True)
gdf_edges, gdf_edges = ox.graph_to_gdfs(G)
print(f"原始道路条数：{len(gdf_edges)}")

gdf_nodes = gdf_nodes.reset_index()
gdf_edges = gdf_edges.reset_index()
gdf_edges = ox.io._stringify_nonnumeric_cols(gdf_edges)

mask_highway = gdf_edges['highway'].notnull() & (gdf_edges['highway'] != '')
gdf_edges = gdf_edges[mask_highway].copy()
gdf_edges['fid'] = np.arange(len(gdf_edges), dtype=int)

print(gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']==201724128][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']])
print(gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']==1072576086][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']])
print(gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid']==1072576082][['u','v','osmid','oneway','reversed', 'fid', 'geometry']])

edges_path = os.path.join(output_dir, "edges.shp")
gdf_edges.to_file(edges_path, encoding=encoding)`

note:
1.beijing-latest.osm.pbf：download from https://download.geofabrik.de/asia/china/beijing.html
2.linkid=201724128 is my aim path, I hope it can be map matching.

main:
my complete and minimal reproducible example as follows:
test_min_example.py

I will keep waiting for your reply, thank you!

[gboeing]

I don't know what fmm is, but I cannot run this code snippet. If you can provide a copy-and-paste code snippet that minimally demonstrates the problem, I can re-open and take a look.

[wharstr0927]

I don't know what fmm is, but I cannot run this code snippet. If you can provide a copy-and-paste code snippet that minimally demonstrates the problem, I can re-open and take a look.

Thank you for your reply. I'm so sorry that I didn't tell you about FMM, It's my fault.

FMM = Fast Map Matching
It is one of the fastest and most widely used map matching algorithms for GPS trajectory processing, developed mainly by Z. Li (Zhuoyuan Li) and published in top conferences.

There is an example for you, I hope it will be useful.
https://github.com/cyang-kth/osm_mapmatching/tree/master

Here is a detailed program snippet. I would like to ask for your help to confirm whether these links are connected. I took a detour when matching a trajectory. Since the function of this part of the code is a prerequisite, I would like to know the reason for the detour, thank you so much.

`import osmnx as ox
from shapely.geometry import shape
json_file = open("5859_badcase.geojson")
import json
data = json.load(json_file)
boundary_polygon = shape(data["features"][0]['geometry'])
G = ox.graph_from_polygon(boundary_polygon, network_type='drive')
filepath = 'badcase_test'
encoding="utf-8"

if not filepath == "" and not os.path.exists(filepath):
os.makedirs(filepath)
filepath_nodes = os.path.join(filepath, "nodes.shp")
filepath_edges = os.path.join(filepath, "edges.shp")

gdf_nodes, gdf_edges = ox.graph_to_gdfs(G)
gdf_nodes = gdf_nodes.reset_index()
gdf_edges = gdf_edges.reset_index()
gdf_nodes = ox.io._stringify_nonnumeric_cols(gdf_nodes)
gdf_edges = ox.io._stringify_nonnumeric_cols(gdf_edges)
gdf_edges["fid"] = np.arange(0, gdf_edges.shape[0], dtype='int')
gdf_edges[gdf_edges['osmid'].isin(['1072576082','201724128','201724128','1072576086'])]
gdf_nodes.to_file(filepath_nodes, encoding=encoding)
gdf_edges.to_file(filepath_edges, encoding=encoding)
`

Note:5859_badcase.geojson.txt=5859_badcase.geojson
5859_badcase.geojson.txt