Add CI to run ty on a selection of JAX source files

[jakevdp]

A first step toward running ty on the full codebase. I selected a few source files on which ty reveals just a handful of errors.

#jax-fixit

[gemini-code-assist]

Summary of Changes

Hello @jakevdp, I'm Gemini Code Assist¹! I'm currently reviewing this pull request and will post my feedback shortly. In the meantime, here's a summary to help you and other reviewers quickly get up to speed!

This pull request integrates the ty type checker into the JAX continuous integration process, starting with the jax/_src/dtypes.py file. The primary goal is to enhance code quality and maintainability by proactively identifying type-related issues. The changes involve resolving initial type errors found by ty within the selected file and updating the project's build configuration to enable these checks.

Highlights

• ty type checker integration: This PR introduces the ty type checker into the CI pipeline, specifically targeting the jax/_src/dtypes.py file. This is a foundational step towards broader type checking across the codebase to improve code quality.
• Type annotation adjustments: Several type annotations in jax/_src/dtypes.py were updated to resolve issues identified by ty, including specifying builtins.type for a property and allowing None for the fun_name parameter in a function signature.
• pyproject.toml configuration: The pyproject.toml file was updated to configure ty to specifically include jax/_src/dtypes.py for its initial type checking run.

Ignored Files

• Ignored by pattern: .github/workflows/** (1)
  • .github/workflows/ci-build.yaml

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[gemini-code-assist]

Code Review

This pull request enables the ty type checker for jax/_src/dtypes.py and applies the necessary fixes for it to pass. The changes are correct and improve the type annotations in the file. I have one suggestion to refactor a piece of code to avoid a ty: ignore comment, which could improve clarity for the type checker. Overall, this is a great step towards better type safety in the codebase.