[Feature](func) Support GET_FORAMT function (apache#56691)

```text
mysql> SELECT * FROM get_format_test;
+------+----------+
| id   | lc       |
+------+----------+
|    1 | USA      |
|    2 | JIS      |
|    3 | ISO      |
|    4 | EUR      |
|    5 | INTERNAL |
|    6 | Doris    |
+------+----------+

mysql> SELECT lc, GET_FORMAT(DATE, lc) FROM get_format_test;
+----------+----------------------+
| lc       | GET_FORMAT(DATE, lc) |
+----------+----------------------+
| USA      | %m.%d.%Y             |
| JIS      | %Y-%m-%d             |
| ISO      | %Y-%m-%d             |
| EUR      | %d.%m.%Y             |
| INTERNAL | %Y%m%d               |
| Doris    | NULL                 |
+----------+----------------------+

mysql> SELECT lc, GET_FORMAT(DATETIME, lc) FROM get_format_test;
+----------+--------------------------+
| lc       | GET_FORMAT(DATETIME, lc) |
+----------+--------------------------+
| USA      | %Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s        |
| JIS      | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s        |
| ISO      | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s        |
| EUR      | %Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s        |
| INTERNAL | %Y%m%d%H%i%s             |
| Doris    | NULL                     |
+----------+--------------------------+

mysql> SELECT lc, GET_FORMAT(TIME, lc) FROM get_format_test;
+----------+----------------------+
| lc       | GET_FORMAT(TIME, lc) |
+----------+----------------------+
| USA      | %h:%i:%s %p          |
| JIS      | %H:%i:%s             |
| ISO      | %H:%i:%s             |
| EUR      | %H.%i.%s             |
| INTERNAL | %H%i%s               |
| Doris    | NULL                 |
+----------+----------------------+

mysql> SELECT GET_FORMAT(DORIS, 'USA');
ERROR 1105 (HY000): errCode = 2, detailMessage = Format type only support DATE, DATETIME and TIME, but get: DORIS
```

Author: linrrzqqq

be/src/vec/functions/function_date_or_datetime_computation.cpp

@@ -98,6 +98,7 @@ void register_function_date_time_computation(SimpleFunctionFactory& factory) {
     factory.register_function<FunctionSecToDateTime>();
     factory.register_function<FunctionMonthsBetween>();
     factory.register_function<FunctionTime>();
+    factory.register_function<FunctionGetFormat>();
 
     // alias
     factory.register_alias("days_add", "date_add");

be/src/vec/functions/function_date_or_datetime_computation.h

@@ -1418,5 +1418,116 @@ class FunctionTime : public IFunction {
         return Status::OK();
     }
 };
+
+class FunctionGetFormat : public IFunction {
+public:
+    static constexpr auto name = "get_format";
+    static FunctionPtr create() { return std::make_shared<FunctionGetFormat>(); }
+    String get_name() const override { return name; }
+    size_t get_number_of_arguments() const override { return 2; }
+    DataTypePtr get_return_type_impl(const DataTypes& arguments) const override {
+        return make_nullable(std::make_shared<DataTypeString>());
+    }
+
+    Status execute_impl(FunctionContext* context, Block& block, const ColumnNumbers& arguments,
+                        uint32_t result, size_t input_rows_count) const override {
+        const auto& [left_col_ptr, left_is_const] =
+                unpack_if_const(block.get_by_position(arguments[0]).column);
+        const auto& [right_col_ptr, right_is_const] =
+                unpack_if_const(block.get_by_position(arguments[1]).column);
+
+        const auto* left_col = assert_cast<const ColumnString*>(left_col_ptr.get());
+        const auto* right_col = assert_cast<const ColumnString*>(right_col_ptr.get());
+
+        auto type_ref = left_col->get_data_at(0);
+        std::string type_str(type_ref.data, type_ref.size);
+
+        auto res_col = ColumnString::create();
+        auto res_null_map = ColumnUInt8::create(input_rows_count, 0);
+        auto& res_data = res_col->get_chars();
+        auto& res_offsets = res_col->get_offsets();
+
+        if (type_str == DATE_NAME) {
+            execute_format_type<DateFormatImpl>(res_data, res_offsets, res_null_map->get_data(),
+                                                input_rows_count, right_col);
+        } else if (type_str == DATETIME_NAME) {
+            execute_format_type<DateTimeFormatImpl>(res_data, res_offsets, res_null_map->get_data(),
+                                                    input_rows_count, right_col);
+        } else if (type_str == TIME_NAME) {
+            execute_format_type<TimeFormatImpl>(res_data, res_offsets, res_null_map->get_data(),
+                                                input_rows_count, right_col);
+        } else {
+            return Status::InvalidArgument(
+                    "Function GET_FORMAT only support DATE, DATETIME or TIME");
+        }
+
+        block.replace_by_position(
+                result, ColumnNullable::create(std::move(res_col), std::move(res_null_map)));
+        return Status::OK();
+    }
+
+private:
+    template <typename Impl>
+    static void execute_format_type(ColumnString::Chars& res_data,
+                                    ColumnString::Offsets& res_offsets,
+                                    PaddedPODArray<UInt8>& res_null_map, size_t input_rows_count,
+                                    const ColumnString* right_col) {
+        res_data.reserve(input_rows_count * Impl::ESTIMATE_SIZE);
+        res_offsets.reserve(input_rows_count);
+
+        for (int i = 0; i < input_rows_count; ++i) {
+            StringRef format_ref = right_col->get_data_at(i);
+            std::string format_str(format_ref.data, format_ref.size);
+            std::transform(format_str.begin(), format_str.end(), format_str.begin(), ::toupper);
+
+            std::string_view format_res;
+            if (format_str == "USA") {
+                format_res = Impl::USA;
+            } else if (format_str == "JIS" || format_str == "ISO") {
+                format_res = Impl::JIS_ISO;
+            } else if (format_str == "EUR") {
+                format_res = Impl::EUR;
+            } else if (format_str == "INTERNAL") {
+                format_res = Impl::INTERNAL;
+            } else {
+                res_null_map[i] = 1;
+                res_offsets.push_back(res_data.size());
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            res_data.insert(format_res.data(), format_res.data() + format_res.size());
+            res_offsets.push_back(res_data.size());
+        }
+    }
+
+    struct DateFormatImpl {
+        static constexpr auto USA = "%m.%d.%Y";
+        static constexpr auto JIS_ISO = "%Y-%m-%d";
+        static constexpr auto EUR = "%d.%m.%Y";
+        static constexpr auto INTERNAL = "%Y%m%d";
+        static constexpr size_t ESTIMATE_SIZE = 8;
+    };
+
+    struct DateTimeFormatImpl {
+        static constexpr auto USA = "%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s";
+        static constexpr auto JIS_ISO = "%Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s";
+        static constexpr auto EUR = "%Y-%m-%d %H.%i.%s";
+        static constexpr auto INTERNAL = "%Y%m%d%H%i%s";
+        static constexpr size_t ESTIMATE_SIZE = 17;
+    };
+
+    struct TimeFormatImpl {
+        static constexpr auto USA = "%h:%i:%s %p";
+        static constexpr auto JIS_ISO = "%H:%i:%s";
+        static constexpr auto EUR = "%H.%i.%s";
+        static constexpr auto INTERNAL = "%H%i%s";
+        static constexpr size_t ESTIMATE_SIZE = 11;
+    };
+
+    static constexpr auto DATE_NAME = "DATE";
+    static constexpr auto DATETIME_NAME = "DATETIME";
+    static constexpr auto TIME_NAME = "TIME";
+};
+
 #include "common/compile_check_avoid_end.h"
 } // namespace doris::vectorized

fe/fe-core/src/main/antlr4/org/apache/doris/nereids/DorisParser.g4

@@ -1605,6 +1605,8 @@ primaryExpression
         (ORDER BY sortItem (COMMA sortItem)*)?
         (SEPARATOR sep=expression)? RIGHT_PAREN
         (OVER windowSpec)?                                                                     #groupConcat
+    | GET_FORMAT LEFT_PAREN
+        expression COMMA expression RIGHT_PAREN                                         #getFormatFunction
     | TRIM LEFT_PAREN
         ((BOTH | LEADING | TRAILING) expression? | expression) FROM expression RIGHT_PAREN     #trim
     | (SUBSTR | SUBSTRING | MID) LEFT_PAREN
@@ -1998,6 +2000,7 @@ nonReserved
     | FRONTENDS
     | FUNCTION
     | GENERATED
+    | GET_FORMAT
     | GENERIC
     | GLOBAL
     | GRAPH

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/catalog/BuiltinScalarFunctions.java

@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.FromUnixtime;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.G;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.Gcd;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.GetFormat;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.GetVariantType;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.Greatest;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.Grouping;
@@ -551,6 +552,16 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(Abs.class, "abs"),
             scalar(Acos.class, "acos"),
             scalar(Acosh.class, "acosh"),
+            scalar(AITranslate.class, "ai_translate"),
+            scalar(AISentiment.class, "ai_sentiment"),
+            scalar(AIFilter.class, "ai_filter"),
+            scalar(AIFixGrammar.class, "ai_fixgrammar"),
+            scalar(AIExtract.class, "ai_extract"),
+            scalar(AIGenerate.class, "ai_generate"),
+            scalar(AIClassify.class, "ai_classify"),
+            scalar(AIMask.class, "ai_mask"),
+            scalar(AISummarize.class, "ai_summarize"),
+            scalar(AISimilarity.class, "ai_similarity"),
             scalar(AesDecrypt.class, "aes_decrypt"),
             scalar(AesEncrypt.class, "aes_encrypt"),
             scalar(AppendTrailingCharIfAbsent.class, "append_trailing_char_if_absent"),
@@ -651,6 +662,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(Char.class, "char"),
             scalar(CharacterLength.class, "char_length", "character_length"),
             scalar(Coalesce.class, "coalesce"),
+            scalar(Compress.class, "compress"),
             scalar(Concat.class, "concat"),
             scalar(ConcatWs.class, "concat_ws"),
             scalar(ConnectionId.class, "connection_id"),
@@ -705,6 +717,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(E.class, "e"),
             scalar(ElementAt.class, "element_at"),
             scalar(Elt.class, "elt"),
+            scalar(Embed.class, "embed"),
             scalar(EncodeAsSmallInt.class, "encode_as_smallint"),
             scalar(EncodeAsInt.class, "encode_as_int"),
             scalar(EncodeAsBigInt.class, "encode_as_bigint"),
@@ -713,6 +726,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(EsQuery.class, "esquery"),
             scalar(Even.class, "even"),
             scalar(Exp.class, "exp"),
+            scalar(ExportSet.class, "export_set"),
             scalar(ExtractUrlParameter.class, "extract_url_parameter"),
             scalar(Field.class, "field"),
             scalar(FindInSet.class, "find_in_set"),
@@ -730,6 +744,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(FromUnixtime.class, "from_unixtime"),
             scalar(G.class, "g"),
             scalar(Gcd.class, "gcd"),
+            scalar(GetFormat.class, "get_format"),
             scalar(GetVariantType.class, "variant_type"),
             scalar(Greatest.class, "greatest"),
             scalar(Grouping.class, "grouping"),
@@ -810,6 +825,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(L2DistanceApproximate.class, "l2_distance_approximate"),
             scalar(L2Distance.class, "l2_distance"),
             scalar(LastDay.class, "last_day"),
+            scalar(LastQueryId.class, "last_query_id"),
             scalar(Lcm.class, "lcm"),
             scalar(Least.class, "least"),
             scalar(Left.class, "left", "strleft"),
@@ -827,6 +843,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(Ltrim.class, "ltrim"),
             scalar(LtrimIn.class, "ltrim_in"),
             scalar(MakeDate.class, "makedate"),
+            scalar(MakeSet.class, "make_set"),
             scalar(MapContainsEntry.class, "map_contains_entry"),
             scalar(MapContainsKey.class, "map_contains_key"),
             scalar(MapContainsValue.class, "map_contains_value"),
@@ -861,6 +878,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(MonthsBetween.class, "months_between"),
             scalar(MonthsDiff.class, "months_diff"),
             scalar(MonthsSub.class, "months_sub"),
+            scalar(MultiMatch.class, "multi_match"),
             scalar(MultiMatchAny.class, "multi_match_any"),
             scalar(MultiSearchAllPositions.class, "multi_search_all_positions"),
             scalar(MurmurHash332.class, "murmur_hash3_32"),
@@ -897,6 +915,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(QuartersDiff.class, "quarters_diff"),
             scalar(QuarterFloor.class, "quarter_floor"),
             scalar(QuartersSub.class, "quarters_sub"),
+            scalar(Quote.class, "quote"),
             scalar(Search.class, "search"),
             scalar(Radians.class, "radians"),
             scalar(Random.class, "rand", "random"),
@@ -934,6 +953,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(MilliSecondTimestamp.class, "millisecond_timestamp"),
             scalar(MicroSecondTimestamp.class, "microsecond_timestamp"),
             scalar(RandomBytes.class, "random_bytes"),
+            scalar(SessionUser.class, "session_user"),
             scalar(Sha1.class, "sha1", "sha"),
             scalar(Sha2.class, "sha2"),
             scalar(Sign.class, "sign"),
@@ -1024,7 +1044,8 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(UnhexNull.class, "unhex_null"),
             scalar(UnixTimestamp.class, "unix_timestamp"),
             scalar(Upper.class, "ucase", "upper"),
-            scalar(Quote.class, "quote"),
+            scalar(Uncompress.class, "uncompress"),
+            scalar(Uniform.class, "uniform"),
             scalar(UrlDecode.class, "url_decode"),
             scalar(UrlEncode.class, "url_encode"),
             scalar(User.class, "user"),
@@ -1053,26 +1074,7 @@ public class BuiltinScalarFunctions implements FunctionHelper {
             scalar(YearWeek.class, "yearweek"),
             scalar(YearsAdd.class, "years_add"),
             scalar(YearsDiff.class, "years_diff"),
-            scalar(YearsSub.class, "years_sub"),
-            scalar(MultiMatch.class, "multi_match"),
-            scalar(SessionUser.class, "session_user"),
-            scalar(LastQueryId.class, "last_query_id"),
-            scalar(Compress.class, "compress"),
-            scalar(Uncompress.class, "uncompress"),
-            scalar(AITranslate.class, "ai_translate"),
-            scalar(AISentiment.class, "ai_sentiment"),
-            scalar(AIFilter.class, "ai_filter"),
-            scalar(AIFixGrammar.class, "ai_fixgrammar"),
-            scalar(AIExtract.class, "ai_extract"),
-            scalar(AIGenerate.class, "ai_generate"),
-            scalar(AIClassify.class, "ai_classify"),
-            scalar(AIMask.class, "ai_mask"),
-            scalar(AISummarize.class, "ai_summarize"),
-            scalar(AISimilarity.class, "ai_similarity"),
-            scalar(Embed.class, "embed"),
-            scalar(Uniform.class, "uniform"),
-            scalar(MakeSet.class, "make_set"),
-            scalar(ExportSet.class, "export_set"));
+            scalar(YearsSub.class, "years_sub"));
 
     public static final BuiltinScalarFunctions INSTANCE = new BuiltinScalarFunctions();
 

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/rules/analysis/ExpressionAnalyzer.java

@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.BigIntType;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.BooleanType;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.DataType;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.StringType;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.types.TinyIntType;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.util.ExpressionUtils;
 import org.apache.doris.nereids.util.TypeCoercionUtils;
@@ -397,6 +398,19 @@ UnboundFunction preProcessUnboundFunction(UnboundFunction unboundFunction, Expre
                     newChildrenBuilder.add(unboundFunction.child(i));
                 }
                 unboundFunction = unboundFunction.withChildren(newChildrenBuilder.build());
+            } else if (StringUtils.isEmpty(unboundFunction.getDbName())
+                    && "get_format".equalsIgnoreCase(unboundFunction.getName())
+                    && unboundFunction.arity() == 2
+                    && unboundFunction.child(0) instanceof UnboundSlot) {
+                SlotReference slotReference = new SlotReference(new ExprId(-1),
+                        ((UnboundSlot) unboundFunction.child(0)).getName(),
+                        StringType.INSTANCE, false, ImmutableList.of());
+                ImmutableList.Builder<Expression> newChildrenBuilder = ImmutableList.builder();
+                newChildrenBuilder.add(slotReference);
+                for (int i = 1; i < unboundFunction.arity(); i++) {
+                    newChildrenBuilder.add(unboundFunction.child(i));
+                }
+                unboundFunction = unboundFunction.withChildren(newChildrenBuilder.build());
             }
             unboundFunction = (UnboundFunction) super.visit(unboundFunction, context);
         }
@@ -449,6 +463,14 @@ public Expression visitUnboundFunction(UnboundFunction unboundFunction, Expressi
                     return ret;
                 }
             }
+            if (GetFormatFunctionBinder.isGetFormatFunction(unboundFunction.getName())) {
+                Expression ret = GetFormatFunctionBinder.INSTANCE.bind(unboundFunction);
+                if (ret instanceof BoundFunction) {
+                    return TypeCoercionUtils.processBoundFunction((BoundFunction) ret);
+                } else {
+                    return ret;
+                }
+            }
             if (DatetimeFunctionBinder.isDatetimeFunction(unboundFunction.getName())) {
                 Expression ret = DatetimeFunctionBinder.INSTANCE.bind(unboundFunction);
                 if (ret instanceof BoundFunction) {

fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/nereids/rules/analysis/GetFormatFunctionBinder.java

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+
+package org.apache.doris.nereids.rules.analysis;
+
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.analyzer.UnboundFunction;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.exceptions.AnalysisException;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.Expression;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.SlotReference;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.functions.scalar.GetFormat;
+import org.apache.doris.nereids.trees.expressions.literal.StringLiteral;
+
+import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableSet;
+
+/**
+ * Binder for GET_FORMAT function.
+ */
+public class GetFormatFunctionBinder {
+
+    public static final GetFormatFunctionBinder INSTANCE = new GetFormatFunctionBinder();
+
+    private static final ImmutableSet<String> SUPPORTED_FORMATS = ImmutableSet.of("DATE", "DATETIME", "TIME");
+
+    public static boolean isGetFormatFunction(String functionName) {
+        return "GET_FORMAT".equalsIgnoreCase(functionName);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * bind get_format function that have non-expression arguments.
+     *
+     * @param unboundFunction unbound get_format function
+     *
+     * @return bound function
+     */
+    public Expression bind(UnboundFunction unboundFunction) {
+        if (unboundFunction.arity() != 2) {
+            throw new AnalysisException("Can not find function 'GET_FORMAT' with "
+                    + unboundFunction.arity() + " arguments");
+        }
+        StringLiteral formatLiteral = parseFormatType(unboundFunction.child(0));
+        Expression pattern = unboundFunction.child(1);
+        return new GetFormat(formatLiteral, pattern);
+    }
+
+    private StringLiteral parseFormatType(Expression formatTypeExpr) {
+        if (formatTypeExpr instanceof StringLiteral) {
+            String formatType = ((StringLiteral) formatTypeExpr).getStringValue().toUpperCase();
+            validateFormatType(formatType);
+            return new StringLiteral(formatType);
+        }
+        if (formatTypeExpr instanceof SlotReference) {
+            String formatType = ((SlotReference) formatTypeExpr).getName().toUpperCase();
+            validateFormatType(formatType);
+            return new StringLiteral(formatType);
+        }
+        throw new AnalysisException("Illegal first argument for GET_FORMAT: " + formatTypeExpr.toSql());
+    }
+
+    private void validateFormatType(String formatType) {
+        if (!SUPPORTED_FORMATS.contains(formatType)) {
+            throw new AnalysisException("Format type only support DATE, DATETIME and TIME, but get: " + formatType);
+        }
+    }
+}